Nail shape distortion: causes, symptoms, and treatment
About the symptom
Nail shape distortion is a common problem that may indicate the presence of various diseases or conditions. The appearance of deformities can manifest as bending, thickening, layering, or color changes of the nails. These changes are often not just a cosmetic defect; they may indicate diseases of internal organs, a deficiency of vitamins or minerals, as well as infectious processes. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to any changes in the condition of the nails, as they may serve as a signal about your health status.
Some of the most common symptoms of nail distortions include: brittleness, a bumpy surface, changes in the growth angle, as well as thickening or thinning of the nail plate. These symptoms can result from various factors such as fungal infections, psoriasis, eczema, as well as systemic diseases such as anemia or diabetes. When such a problem arises, it is advisable to immediately consult a doctor who will conduct the necessary diagnosis and determine the causes of the changes, allowing for the selection of effective treatment and prevention of further complications.
Diseases
The distortion of nail shape can be a symptom of various diseases that require careful attention in diagnosis and treatment. One of the most common causes of nail shape changes is a fungal infection, which can lead to thickening, brittleness, and discoloration. In addition, diseases affecting the structure of the nails may signal the presence of systemic conditions, such as diabetes or thyroid disorders.
There are also other diseases associated with changes in nail shape. For example, psoriasis can cause the appearance of pits, spots, and other anomalies. Additionally, changes in nail shape may be related to injuries or damage that can occur as a result of improper manicure or mechanical injuries. Thus, it is important to pay attention to any changes in the condition of the nails and, if necessary, consult specialists for qualified assistance.
- Fungal infection (onychomycosis)
- Psoriasis
- Exema
- Lupus erythematosus
- Dermatophytes
- Diabetes (glycemia)
- Thyroid diseases
- Injuries and mechanical damage
Diagnosis
The distortion of nail shape can be a sign of various diseases and conditions that require careful diagnosis. During the initial examination, a dermatologist or podiatrist pays attention to the general characteristics of the nails, such as color, texture, and shape. Collecting the medical history, as well as any possible injuries or changes in the patient’s lifestyle, helps establish the causes and potential factors affecting nail health.
Depending on the identified symptoms and suspicions of specific diseases, the doctor may prescribe various diagnostic procedures. This may include blood tests to identify systemic diseases, as well as microscopic examination of nail plate samples to detect fungal infections. The sooner a diagnosis is made and treatment begins, the better the chances for restoring the normal shape and healthy condition of the nails.
- Clinical examination of nails
- Laboratory blood tests
- Microscopic examination of samples
- Ultrasound of soft tissues
- Allergy testing
- Testing for fungal infections
Which doctor to see
If you notice distortions in the shape of your nails, it is important to consult a doctor who can determine the cause of this symptom and prescribe appropriate treatment. Most often, the initial visit can be made to a dermatologist who specializes in skin and nail diseases. Dermatologists can conduct a complete examination of the nail plates and the skin around them, as well as prescribe necessary tests to identify the underlying condition.
In some cases, a consultation with other specialists may be required. For example, if the distortion of the nails is related to systemic diseases such as diabetes or liver diseases, it makes sense to consult an endocrinologist or a gastroenterologist. Additionally, if there are suspicions of a fungal infection or another infectious disease, it may be helpful to consult an infectious disease specialist.
- Dermatologist
- Endocrinologist
- Gastroenterologist
- Infectious disease specialist
- Rheumatologist
Types of Nail Shape Deformation
Nail shape deformation can manifest in various forms, each of which may indicate a particular health condition. One of the most common types of deformities is onychogryphosis, in which the nail becomes curved and resembles the shape of a horn. This condition can be associated with both age-related changes and injuries or fungal infections. It is important to note that onychogryphosis often requires medical intervention, as it can lead to pain and other complications.
Another type of nail shape distortion is onychomycosis – a fungal infection that can cause changes in color, length, and thickness of the nail plate. In this case, nails may become brittle and more susceptible to injury. Often, the infection leads to inflammation and discomfort, which can negatively impact the patient’s quality of life. It is also worth mentioning types of distortions such as concave and convex nails, which may signal diseases of internal organs or vitamin deficiencies.
- Onychogryphosis
- Onychomycosis
- Concave nails (conical deformation)
- Convex nails (lactochromic changes)
- Layers (nail delamination)
Causes of Nail Shape Distortion
Nail shape distortion can be caused by a variety of factors, ranging from hereditary predispositions to external influences. One of the main reasons is genetic predisposition, where certain nail arrangement disorders are inherited. For example, abnormalities in the structure of the nail plate can lead to the formation of dents, grooves, or other anomalies.
Additionally, external factors such as injuries, infections, and improper nail care can quickly change their shape. The tips of the nails are often subjected to mechanical stress, which can cause brittleness and deformation. Fungal infections can also lead to changes in nail shape, resulting in thickening or thinning. It is also important to note that some chronic diseases, such as psoriasis, can significantly affect nail health, causing curvature and texture changes.
- Hereditary factors
- Mechanical injuries
- Infections, particularly fungal
- Chronic diseases (e.g., psoriasis)
- Improper nail care
Common Associated Pathologies
Distortion of the nail shape can be a symptom of various serious diseases and pathological conditions. Sometimes such changes are not limited to just aesthetic aspects, but also signal hidden disorders in the body. These pathologies can affect not only the nails but also other systems, requiring a comprehensive approach to diagnosis and treatment.
The most common associated pathologies include fungal infections, which can cause thickening, discoloration, and changes in the shape of the nails. Additionally, distortion of the shape may be a sign of psoriasis — a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the condition of the skin and nails. Moreover, systemic lupus erythematosus can pose a threat, significantly affecting immunity and potentially impacting the nail plate, leading to its alteration.
- Fungal infections (onychomycosis)
- Psoriasis
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Vitamin deficiencies (e.g., vitamin B12 deficiency)
- Thyroid diseases
- Anovulatory cycles and other hormonal disorders
Expert Opinion
Distortion of nail shape is an important symptom that may signal the presence of various diseases or disorders in the body. As noted by our dermatology specialist, this sign is often a result of a deficiency in nutrients such as vitamins and minerals that are essential for healthy nail growth. If this issue is ignored, one may face more serious pathologies, including infections or fungal diseases.
It is also important to understand that the shape of nails can change due to mechanical damage or improper care. For instance, frequent use of aggressive chemicals and manicure tools can lead to deformation of the nail plate. In such cases, changes in nail shape can be not only an aesthetic issue but also a signal to reconsider hand and foot care habits.
To eliminate distortions, comprehensive examination and an individualized treatment approach are necessary. Each case is unique and requires a differentiated approach, which may include consultations not only with a dermatologist but also with other specialists. Regular examinations and prevention are the keys to the health and beauty of your nails.
Treatment of Nail Shape Distortion
Treatment of nail shape distortion depends on the cause of the condition. First and foremost, it is important to determine whether the distortion is a result of a disease, injury, or external factors. A consultation with a dermatologist or an oncologist will help establish the optimal treatment plan. In some cases, such as fungal infections, antifungal medications may be required, and in the case of injuries, special dressings or surgical intervention may be necessary.
Additionally, it is important to follow hygiene practices: keep nails clean, avoid excessive physical impact, and protect them from chemicals. In cases where nail shape distortion is the result of poor nutrition or a lack of essential microelements, changing the diet can have a significant impact on the recovery of nail health.
- Antifungal therapy
- Physiotherapy procedures
- Lifestyle and dietary correction
- Surgical intervention (if necessary)
- Application of a special medical nail polish for strengthening nails
Complications
The distortion of the nail shape can be not just an aesthetic issue; it may indicate more serious physical or medical disorders. Ignoring these changes can lead to various complications, including infections, pain, or even chronic diseases. An improper nail shape can create favorable conditions for the development of fungal infections, especially if the nails become brittle and start to break.
Additionally, changes in nail shape can be a consequence of a lack of essential microelements in the body, which will affect overall health. For example, anemia or metabolic disorders can cause your nails to lose their strength and shape. In such cases, it is important to seek medical assistance, as the consequences may affect not only the nails but the entire body as a whole.
- Fungal infections
- Bacterial infections
- Inflammation and pain
- Increased healing time for injuries
- Skin diseases
FAQ
What to do if I noticed distortion in the shape of my nails?
If you notice a distortion in the shape of your nails, it is important to consult a dermatologist or trichologist for qualified advice and diagnosis. The specialist will conduct an examination and may prescribe necessary tests or additional studies to determine the cause of the changes. Do not delay your visit to the doctor, as distortion of the nail shape can be a symptom of more serious diseases that require timely treatment.
What are the main causes of nail shape distortion?
Nail shape distortion can be associated with a number of factors, including injuries, fungal infections, vitamin and mineral deficiencies, as well as conditions such as psoriasis or eczema. Injuries can lead to temporary or permanent changes, while fungal infections often cause thinning and discoloration. Additionally, a lack of essential vitamins, such as biotin and vitamin D, can negatively impact nail health. Skin disorders, such as psoriasis, can cause inflammatory changes, which also lead to distortion of the nail shape. Consulting a specialist will help determine the underlying cause and choose the necessary treatment.
What are the symptoms of nail shape distortion?
Nail shape distortion can manifest in various symptoms that vary depending on the cause. The main signs include deformation of the nail plate, such as changes in thickness, growths, splitting, or color changes of the nail. Changes in shape may also be observed, such as jagged or wavy edges, as well as thickening or thinning of the plate itself. In some cases, tenderness or sensitivity in the nail area may occur, indicating possible inflammation or infection. If such symptoms are noticed, it is important to consult a doctor for further diagnosis and treatment.
What treatment is recommended for nail shape distortion?
If the shape of the nails is distorted, it is advisable to see a specialist who can determine the cause of this condition and suggest appropriate treatment. Depending on the diagnosis, it may be necessary to use therapeutic nail polishes, vitamins, special nail care procedures, and sometimes more serious interventions including medical procedures. The main thing is not to ignore the problem and to start treatment on time to avoid complications and improve nail health.