Reasons and treatment for brittle nails: tips and recommendations
About the symptom
Nails that break easily can be not only a cosmetic problem but also an important signal about a person’s health condition. You can identify the presence of this issue by a number of characteristic signs. Usually, brittleness of nails manifests itself in their splitting, breaking, and increased fragility, which hinders their natural growth. These symptoms may indicate various internal disorders, such as deficiencies in vitamins and minerals, metabolic disruptions, or chronic diseases. Note that if the change in nail condition occurs against the backdrop of other symptoms, such as fatigue, changes in appetite, or weight loss, this may indicate the need for a more thorough medical examination.
Brittle nails often suffer damage from minor impacts, such as hits or friction. In some cases, this may be related to improper care; however, if the changes are systemic and persist for a long time, it is worth considering the possible causes. One of the common factors is a lack of zinc, vitamin D, or biotin in the diet. Additionally, thyroid diseases and fungal infections can also cause unstable conditions of your nails. Understanding these symptoms and their causes will help you take the right steps towards restoring nail health and the overall condition of the body.
Diseases
Brittle nails can be a symptom of various diseases that require attention and diagnosis. One of the most common conditions is a deficiency of vitamins and minerals, particularly a lack of vitamin D, calcium, and iron. A deficiency of these nutrients can lead to a deterioration in the condition of the nails, making them more fragile and brittle. Furthermore, metabolic disorders or systemic diseases can also negatively affect nail health.
Some infections and skin diseases, such as fungal infections and eczema, can also cause nail brittleness. In fungal infections, nails may change color, thicken, and begin to split, while eczema may present with itching and inflammation, which also impacts their condition. It is important to remember that if there are persistent problems with nails, one should consult a doctor for an assessment of health and appropriate treatment.
- Deficiency of vitamins and minerals (vitamin D, calcium, iron)
- Fungal infections (dermatophyte infection)
- Eczema and psoriasis
- Hypothyroidism (decreased thyroid function)
- Psoriatic arthritis
- Anemia
- Systemic diseases (e.g., SLE)
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of the causes of nail brittleness plays a key role in determining the underlying disease or condition of the body that may be causing such symptoms. Specialists in medical clinics take a comprehensive approach to evaluating the condition of the nails through preliminary tests and examinations. This allows doctors to identify not only nail problems but also the overall health status of the patient.
It is important to note that before conducting a diagnosis, it is necessary to identify additional symptoms that may accompany nail brittleness — for example, changes in their color, texture, or shape. Based on the gathered information, specialists can prescribe the necessary diagnostic services. This will enable them to establish an accurate diagnosis and prescribe effective treatment if needed.
- Dermatologist consultation
- Complete blood count
- Biochemical blood analysis
- Vitamin and mineral level analysis
- Cosmetological assessment of nail condition
- Clinical study of nails (microscopy)
Which doctor to consult
If you are facing the problem of brittle nails, the first step should be to consult a doctor. This symptom can indicate a wide range of diseases or disorders in the body, so it is important not to ignore this issue. Most often, recommended specialists are dermatologists, who deal with skin and nail diseases. They can conduct the necessary research and identify possible causes behind the fragility of your nails.
In addition, depending on accompanying symptoms, you may need to consult other doctors, such as endocrinologists or gastroenterologists. These specialists can help determine whether the problem is related to metabolic disorders or diseases of internal organs. It is important to understand that brittle nails are not just a cosmetic issue, but sometimes an important signal about the health of the entire body.
- Dermatologist
- Endocrinologist
- Gastroenterologist
- Therapist
- Immunologist
Types of Nails That Break Easily
Among the many reasons that cause nail brittleness, several main types can be identified that are most commonly encountered in patients. These types may vary in texture, hardness, and appearance. For example, nails can be thin and brittle due to a lack of nutrients such as biotin, vitamin E, and zinc. Such nails often look unkempt and tend to peel, making them more susceptible to damage.
Another common type is dry and rough nails, which may occur as a result of exposure to chemicals, frequent hand washing, or improper care. They lose their natural elasticity, making them prone to breaking. Nails damaged by fungal infections can also show signs of brittleness, as this is associated with a weakening of the nail plate structure.
- Thin and brittle nails
- Dry and rough nails
- Nails with fungal infections
- Nails damaged by chemicals
- Nails with signs of disease
Causes of nails that break easily
Brittle nails can be a sign of various factors, both internal and external. One of the main reasons is a lack of essential nutrients, such as vitamins and minerals, which are vital for nail health. For example, a deficiency in B vitamins, vitamin D, as well as calcium and iron can lead to weakening of the nail plate. This is particularly relevant for people who adhere to strict diets that lack sufficient amounts of these elements.
Another significant cause of nail brittleness is the influence of external factors. Regular exposure to chemicals, such as cleaning agents or aggressive cleansers, can severely damage nails, depriving them of hydration and strength. Frequent use of nail polish or gel, as well as insufficient moisturizing of the skin and nails, can exacerbate the problem. In addition, some diseases, such as fungal infections or psoriasis, can also negatively affect nail health.
- Lack of vitamins and minerals
- Exposure to chemicals
- Depletion of the nail plate
- Fungal infections
- Skin diseases, such as psoriasis
- Frequent use of nail cosmetics
Common Associated Pathologies
Fragile nails can be not only a cosmetic problem but also a sign of various diseases. Weakening of the nail structure is often associated with malnutrition, metabolic disorders, or infectious diseases. It is important to remember that people with brittle nails often exhibit other symptoms indicating health issues, which requires consultation with a specialist.
Some of the common pathologies related to nail brittleness include excessive damage to the nail plate due to mechanical impacts, dermatological diseases such as eczema or psoriasis, as well as diseases of internal organs, including liver, thyroid, and kidney diseases. Analyzing the relationship between the condition of the nails and overall health can help determine the necessity for diagnosis and treatment of the relevant disease.
- Psoriasis
- Eczema
- Fungal infections
- Vitamin deficiencies (especially vitamin B7 and calcium)
- Thyroid diseases
- Liver pathologies
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
Expert Opinion
According to dermatologists and nail care experts, nail brittleness is a quite common problem that can be related to both external factors and internal disorders in the body. Patients often seek help with this issue, and a key aspect of diagnosis remains the identification of the underlying cause. Typically, vitamins, minerals, and skin health play an important role in the condition of the nails. A deficiency in vitamins such as biotin or vitamin D can lead to nails becoming thin and brittle.
Medical professionals emphasize that it is important not only to monitor the condition of the nails but also to pay attention to the overall health of the body. Some diseases, such as thyroid issues or anemia, can cause deterioration in nail health. Anna Sergeyevna, a dermatologist with over ten years of experience, recommends seeking qualified help at the first signs of the problem. Thorough diagnosis and an individualized treatment plan can help more effectively address the issue of nail brittleness and restore their health and beauty.
Treatment for Nails That Break Easily
Treatment for nails that break easily should begin with identifying the underlying cause of the problem. Often, thinning and brittleness of nails can indicate a deficiency of vitamins and minerals in the body. In such cases, it is important to adjust the diet by adding more vegetables, fruits, and protein-rich foods. Key vitamin groups beneficial for nails include vitamin B7 (biotin), vitamin E, as well as minerals such as zinc and potassium. Consuming these substances in sufficient amounts can significantly improve the condition of the nails.
Additionally, there are a number of cosmetic procedures and topical treatments that can help care for the nails. These can include strengthening nail polishes, oils, and special creams designed for restorative and strengthening care. Regular use of such products can give the nails a healthy appearance and increase their resistance to external factors.
- Taking vitamin and mineral supplements;
- Using strengthening nail polishes;
- Applying moisturizing and nourishing creams;
- Regular manicure to maintain nail health;
- Eliminating harmful habits, such as biting nails;
- Maintaining a proper diet and hydration;
Complications
Brittle nails can not only cause aesthetic discomfort but also lead to a number of complications if measures are not taken to treat them. The first and most common complication is infection. Broken and damaged nails provide entry points for bacteria and fungi, which can lead to inflammation around the nail and, in some cases, pus formation. The body’s reaction to infection may manifest as redness, swelling, and pain.
Moreover, the condition of the nails can reflect the overall health of the body. Chronic brittle nails may be a sign of a deficiency in essential vitamins and minerals, which can provoke further health issues. For example, vitamin deficiency can lead to worsening skin condition, hair weakness, and other disturbances. Finally, psychological aspects should not be overlooked: constant worry about the appearance of nails can lead to stress and a decreased quality of life.
- Infections of surrounding tissues
- Chronic inflammatory processes
- Decreased self-esteem and confidence
- Skin and hair problems due to nutrient deficiencies
- Exacerbation of chronic diseases (e.g., psoriasis)
FAQ
What to do if my nails have started to break for no apparent reason?
If your nails have started to break without a visible reason, the first step is to pay attention to your overall health and lifestyle. It may be worth reviewing your diet, adding sufficient amounts of vitamins and minerals such as biotin, zinc, and B vitamins. It is also helpful to eliminate potential harmful habits, such as using aggressive chemical cleaners or frequent exposure to water. If the situation does not improve, it is recommended to make an appointment with a dermatologist for a more detailed examination to identify possible internal problems or diseases that may be causing nail brittleness.
How to determine if brittle nails are a symptom of a serious illness?
Brittle nails can be a sign of various diseases; however, you can determine whether they are a symptom of a serious condition by assessing a combination of factors. Pay attention to additional symptoms such as changes in skin color, hair loss, fatigue, or changes in other organs. If nail brittleness is accompanied by these signs, or if the problem persists for an extended period, it is recommended to consult a doctor for a comprehensive examination. The specialist may order tests to rule out possible diseases, such as hypothyroidism or vitamin and mineral deficiencies, which can negatively impact the health of your nails.
How can you strengthen brittle nails at home?
To strengthen brittle nails at home, it is important to pay attention to regular care and nutrition. First, make sure you are consuming enough vitamins and minerals, such as biotin, calcium, and magnesium, which promote nail health. Add more fresh vegetables, fruits, fish, and nuts to your diet. Second, use natural oils, such as olive or coconut oil, to massage your nails and cuticles; this will help moisturize and strengthen the nails. Third, try to minimize the use of aggressive chemical products and avoid frequent manicures, as this can weaken them. Regular nail filing and the use of a strengthening polish will also have a positive effect on their condition.
How often should you check the condition of your nails to avoid brittleness?
Regular observation of the condition of your nails can help prevent brittleness and identify potential problems at an early stage. It is recommended to check the condition of your nails at least once a month. It is important to pay attention to changes in their appearance, texture, and shade. If you notice noticeable changes or if your nails start breaking without any visible reason, it is worth seeing a doctor for a more detailed examination. Additionally, maintaining the health of your entire body also affects the condition of your nails, so don’t forget to keep an eye on your diet and lifestyle.