Thickening of the nails: causes, diagnosis, and treatment
About the symptom
Nail thickening, also known as dyschromia or onychomycosis, is a condition in which the nail plates become thicker and rougher. This can be both a symptom and an independent disease, leading to various aesthetic and physical discomforts. Typically, nail thickening begins with minor changes, but it can later lead to serious consequences, including infectious complications. The main causes of this condition can vary from fungal infections and injuries to systemic diseases such as psoriasis or diabetes.
It is important to note that nail thickening is often accompanied by changes in their color, texture, and shape. Initial signs usually include the appearance of yellowish or brownish spots that may deepen and spread over time. The condition of the nails can be influenced by external factors such as improper care, use of harsh chemicals, or inappropriate footwear. Therefore, at the first signs of nail health devaluation, it is advisable to consult a specialist to determine the exact cause and prevent further complications.
Diseases
Thickening of the nails can be a symptom of various diseases that require attention and diagnosis. One of the most common causes is a fungal infection known as onychomycosis. In this condition, the nails become denser, may change color and shape, and discomfort may occur. Other diseases, such as psoriasis, can also manifest as thickening of the nails; in this case, changes are sometimes accompanied by the formation of plaques and damage to the nail plate itself.
Additionally, systemic diseases such as diabetes or eczema can affect the condition of the nails, making them less elastic and more prone to thickening. It is important to understand that the thickening of nails is not just a cosmetic issue, but a potential sign of more serious disorders in the body. If you notice changes, it is necessary to consult a specialist for a detailed examination and to establish the exact cause.
- Onychomycosis (fungal infection)
- Psoriasis
- Dermatophytes
- Nail dystrophy
- Erythema
- Systemic diseases (e.g., diabetes)
- Eczema
Diagnosis
The diagnosis of nail thickening is an important step in understanding the cause of this problem. Since thickening can be a symptom of various diseases, it is crucial to consult an experienced specialist who will conduct a comprehensive examination. Usually, during the diagnosis, the doctor performs a visual examination of the nails, evaluating their texture, color, and shape. Additionally, further tests may be ordered to identify potential infections or diseases.
Depending on the identified symptoms and the suspected diagnosis, medical professionals may prescribe a series of examinations. It is important to remember that proper diagnosis will help choose the most effective treatment and prevent recurrence of the problem. By visiting our clinic, you will receive a full range of diagnostic services aimed at accurately determining the causes of nail thickening.
List of Diagnostic Services:
- Visual examination of the nails
- Microscopic examination of nail plate samples
- Testing for fungal infections
- General laboratory examination (blood, urine)
- Nail biopsy (in rare cases)
- Dermatologist consultation
Which doctor to contact
Nail thickening can be a symptom of various diseases, so it is important to consult a specialist for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. First and foremost, it is recommended to make an appointment with a dermatologist. This doctor specializes in skin, hair, and nail diseases and will be able to determine whether the change in nail structure is caused by pathologies or external factors, such as nail care or the use of cosmetics.
If it turns out that the cause of nail thickening is related to fungal infections, consultation with a mycologist will be required, who specializes in the treatment of infectious diseases caused by fungi. In some cases, consultation with other specialists may be necessary, such as a rheumatologist if the nail changes are related to systemic diseases, or an endocrinologist if the cause is a hormonal imbalance.
- Dermatologist
- Cosmetologist
- Mycologist
- Rheumatologist
- Endocrinologist
Types of Nail Thickening
Nail thickening can manifest in various forms, each of which may have its own characteristics and causes. The most common types include the inheritance of thick nails, which can be hereditary or associated with certain diseases. There is also thickening caused by fungal infections, where the nails become harder and more brittle. These changes may signal the presence of diseases and require careful examination.
Another type of nail thickening is acrogryphosis, in which the nails become thick and curved, most often observed in elderly individuals. Additionally, nail thickening can be caused by external factors, such as frequent exposure to high humidity or mechanical damage. Such thickening is usually reversible and can be corrected by changing nail care habits.
- Hereditary nail thickening
- Fungal infections
- Acrogryphosis
- Thickening due to external factors
- Mechanical damage
Causes of Nail Thickening
Nail thickening is not only a cosmetic problem but also a symptom that may indicate the presence of various diseases or unfavorable conditions. One of the most common causes of this phenomenon is a fungal infection. Fungi, penetrating under the nail plate, can cause its destruction and thickening. In addition, some bacterial infections can also lead to similar changes in the condition of the nails.
Another important cause of nail thickening is trauma resulting from physical impact. Improper footwear or unfortunate falls can cause microcracks and predispose to thickening. Furthermore, some systemic diseases, such as psoriasis or eczema, can negatively affect the condition of the nails, leading to their deformation and thickening.
- Fungal infections
- Bacterial infections
- Nail injuries
- Psoriasis
- Eczema
- Metabolic disorders
- Chronic diseases of internal organs
Common Associated Pathologies
Nail thickening can be not just a cosmetic defect but also a sign of a number of accompanying diseases. Many people do not realize that changes in the structure and thickness of the nails can signal more serious health problems. For example, nail thickening is often associated with fungal infections, which can cause not only physical discomfort but also negatively impact the overall health of the body.
In addition to fungal diseases, nail thickening can also be a consequence of various dermatological conditions, such as psoriasis and eczema. These pathologies often manifest not only on the skin but also on the nails, causing changes. It is important to note that systemic diseases, such as diabetes or thyroid diseases, can also present as nail thickening. Therefore, when such changes are detected, it is strongly recommended to consult a specialist for further examination.
- Fungal infections (onychomycosis)
- Psoriasis
- Eczema
- Diabetes
- Thyroid diseases
- Systemic connective tissue diseases
Expert Opinion
Nail thickening, or onychogryphosis, is a common symptom that can indicate a range of related illnesses and health conditions. Specialists emphasize the importance of diagnosis and identifying the underlying cause of this condition, as it can be caused by both external and internal factors. It is important to consider the age at which nail thickening occurred, as well as accompanying symptoms, in order to accurately determine the appropriate treatment strategy.
Medical practice shows that nail thickening can be associated not only with fungal diseases but also with systemic disorders such as diabetes or thyroid diseases. Experienced dermatologists recommend not delaying a visit to the doctor when this problem arises, as many conditions are easier to treat in the early stages. Moreover, from an aesthetic point of view, healthy, well-groomed nails are a sign of a person’s overall well-being.
It is best to undergo a comprehensive examination that will rule out more serious issues and provide knowledgeable recommendations for nail care. Adhering to hygiene measures and using specialized care products can significantly improve the condition of the nails and prevent the progression of pathology.
Treatment of Nail Thickening
Nail thickening is a fairly common problem that requires a careful approach to treatment. Depending on the cause of this condition, treatment methods may vary. First and foremost, it is important to consult a doctor who will conduct a diagnosis and determine the underlying issue. Treatment may include both topical medications and more comprehensive approaches, such as systemic therapy.
An important part of treating nail thickening is eliminating factors that contribute to its development. For example, if the thickening is related to fungal infections, treatment may include antifungal medications. If the cause is ill-fitting shoes or constant mechanical pressure, lifestyle changes or a shift in habits may be required. Additionally, depending on the condition of the nails, mechanical correction may be necessary, such as a pedicure using specialized equipment, to improve the appearance and health of the nails.
List of treatment methods for nail thickening:
- Use of antifungal agents;
- Elimination of mechanical damage;
- Mechanical correction of the nails;
- Use of moisturizing and restorative products;
- Correction of diet and intake of necessary vitamins and minerals.
Complications
Thickening of the nails can not only cause physical discomfort but also lead to various complications if proper attention is not paid to this condition. One of the most common complications is the development of fungal infections. Thickened nails become a favorable environment for the reproduction of fungi, which can cause inflammation and painful sensations. Moreover, infections can spread to the surrounding tissues, leading to serious skin conditions.
Another possible complication is related to the impairment of nail functionality. Thickened nails can hinder the performance of normal activities, such as walking or manipulating objects. This can lead to injuries or falls, especially in people with limited mobility. Therefore, it is important not only to monitor the condition of the nails but also to regularly visit a specialist for preventive and therapeutic measures.
- Fungal infections
- Inflammation of surrounding tissues
- Nail and finger injuries
- Reduced quality of life due to discomfort
- Spread of infections to other areas of the skin
FAQ
What is nail thickening and what are its main causes?
Nail thickening is a pathology in which the nail plate becomes thicker and harder, which can be caused by a variety of factors, including fungal infections, injuries, ill-fitting shoes, as well as various diseases such as psoriasis or eczema. The main causes may include genetic predisposition, systemic diseases, lack of vitamins and minerals, as well as exposure to chemicals. Nail thickening may signal the need for changes in care or the presence of serious illnesses requiring medical intervention.
How to determine if you need to see a doctor for thickened nails?
Thickening of the nails can be a sign of various diseases or pathologies, so it is important to pay attention to accompanying symptoms. If your nails have changed shape, color, or texture, and you also experience discomfort, pain, or itching in the nail area, this may indicate a more serious problem. It is recommended to consult a doctor if the thickening of the nails is accompanied by itching, redness, discharge, or if the changes persist for a long time. A professional examination and diagnosis will help identify the causes of nail thickening and begin the treatment process.
What treatment is used for thickened nails?
Treatment for nail thickening can vary depending on the cause of the condition. It usually involves the use of medicinal products, such as antifungal agents for fungal infections, as well as topical corticosteroids to reduce inflammation. In some cases, removal of the affected part of the nail may be necessary to prevent further issues. It’s also recommended to pay attention to proper nail hygiene and use nourishing oils for strengthening them. It is important to remember that before starting any treatment, one should consult a doctor to determine the exact cause and choose the most effective therapy.
How to prevent thickening of nails at home?
Thickening of the nails is a condition in which the nail plate significantly exceeds normal sizes and becomes sturdier and rougher. The causes of this can be fungal infections, psoriasis, eczema, or metabolic disorders. To prevent thickening of the nails at home, it is important to regularly monitor the condition of the nails, maintain their cleanliness and health, and use moisturizing products. It is beneficial to pay attention to nutrition and include foods rich in vitamins and minerals in the diet, such as biotin, zinc, and iron. It is also advisable to avoid excessive use of aggressive chemicals and ensure that the nails get periodic rest from polish and nail design.