Hair loss: causes, diagnosis, and treatment of problems
About the Symptom
Hair loss is a common problem faced by people of all ages and genders. The symptom manifests in various ways: from slight thinning of the strands to significant bald spots or complete alopecia. Most often, hair loss can be noticed while washing the hair, when strands remain on the palms, or while combing, when a large amount of hair collects on the brush. However, it is important to remember that the amount of hair lost can vary depending on the season and individual characteristics of the body.
The main symptoms accompanying hair loss may include itching or redness of the scalp, brittleness and split ends, as well as overall loss of thickness and vitality of the hair. Upon noticing such manifestations, it is essential not to delay a visit to the doctor. Timely diagnosis of the cause of hair loss helps prevent the development of more serious conditions and restore hair health.
Diseases
Hair loss can be a symptom of various diseases that require careful diagnosis and treatment. One of the most common diseases associated with hair loss is androgenetic alopecia, which affects both men and women. This hereditary condition is caused by the action of androgens on hair follicles, leading to their gradual depletion and thinning of hair.
Other diseases, such as avitaminosis, can also lead to hair loss. A deficiency of vitamins and minerals, especially vitamin D, biotin, and iron, can weaken hair roots and cause them to fall out. Autoimmune diseases include alopecia areata, in which the immune system attacks hair follicles, leading to hair loss in specific areas of the head or body.
- Androgenetic alopecia
- Alopecia areata
- Focal alopecia
- Telogen Effluvium
- Trichotillomania (compulsive hair pulling)
- Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism
- Dermatitis (dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis)
- Avitaminosis (deficiency of vitamins and minerals)
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Stress and psychological disorders
Diagnostics
The diagnosis of hair loss is an important step in determining the cause of the problem and choosing the most effective treatment. Hair loss can typically result from various factors, including genetics, hormonal changes, stress, improper nutrition, and chronic diseases. To pinpoint the exact cause of hair loss, specialists at our clinic conduct a comprehensive diagnosis that includes tests, examinations, and consultations with dermatologists and trichologists.
At the initial stage of diagnosis, the patient may be offered a detailed interview, during which the medical history, the nature of hair loss, the presence of accompanying symptoms, and risk factors will be clarified. After this, various laboratory tests are performed to assess the patient’s overall health and identify possible disorders. Ultrasound examination of the scalp and trichoscopy are also used to evaluate the condition of the hair and hair follicles.
- Complete blood count
- Hormonal tests
- Test for vitamins and minerals
- Trichoscopy (examination of hair and scalp using a special device)
- Ultrasound examination of the scalp
- Test for mycosis (fungal infections)
- Consultation with a dermatologist or trichologist
Which doctor to consult
If you are facing the problem of hair loss, it is important not to ignore this symptom, as it may indicate the presence of various diseases or disorders in the body. You should start with a consultation with a trichologist — a doctor specializing in hair and scalp diseases. They will diagnose the condition of your hair and scalp, determine possible causes of hair loss, and offer an individual treatment plan.
In addition to a trichologist, depending on the identified symptoms, consultations with other specialists may be necessary. For example, if hair loss is related to endocrine disorders, you may need a consultation with an endocrinologist. Working with a therapist is also important, as they can carefully analyze your health history and prescribe the necessary tests. Choosing the right doctor will help you not only identify the cause of the problem but also receive qualified treatment.
- Trichologist
- Dermatologist
- Endocrinologist
- Therapist
- Gynecologist (for women)
- Neuropathologist
Types of Hair Loss
Hair loss is a common problem that can occur for various reasons. Several types of hair loss are distinguished, each with its own characteristics and requiring an individual approach to diagnosis and treatment. Certainly, by accurately identifying the type of hair loss, one can significantly improve the chances of successful hair restoration and address the problem at its root.
The most common types of hair loss include androgenetic alopecia, which is most often seen in men and women after the age of 20-30, as well as alopecia areata, which has an autoimmune nature. Other types include telogen effluvium and anagen effluvium, which are associated with the phases of hair growth. Understanding the mechanisms of each type is key to choosing the right treatment strategy.
- Androgenetic alopecia
- Alopecia areata
- Telogen effluvium
- Anagen effluvium
- Diffuse hair loss
- Post-traumatic hair loss
Causes of Hair Loss
Hair loss is a common issue that affects many people, regardless of age or gender. There are numerous factors that can contribute to this condition. One of the most fundamental reasons is genetic predisposition. Hereditary alopecia (androgenetic alopecia) is the most frequent form of hair loss, which can manifest in both men and women at various ages, starting from adolescence.
In addition to heredity, other factors such as stress, hormonal changes, poor nutrition, and various diseases can also influence hair loss. Stress, both physical and emotional, can trigger temporary hair shedding, sometimes referred to as telogen effluvium. Hormonal changes, for example, due to pregnancy, menopause, or thyroid disorders, can also lead to noticeable hair loss.
Infections of the scalp, such as fungal diseases, can also result in hair loss. A deficiency of nutrients such as iron, B vitamins, and proteins can exacerbate hair shedding. Various medical and cosmetic procedures, such as chemotherapy or harsh hair dyeing, can also lead to the development of alopecia. It is important to identify the cause of hair loss to prescribe the appropriate treatment and prevent further damage.
- Genetic predisposition
- Hormonal changes
- Stress
- Nutrient deficiency
- Scalp disorders
- Medications
- Bad habits
Common Related Pathologies
Hair loss can be a symptom of various diseases and conditions that require medical attention. The pathologies associated with hair loss can range from temporary and reversible conditions to more serious chronic diseases. Sometimes, hair loss is an indicator of internal disorders and may signal the need for examination.
Among the common pathologies that can affect hair condition, thyroid disorders such as hypothyroidism can be highlighted, where the level of thyroid hormones is reduced. This leads to a decrease in metabolism and can result in hair loss. Additionally, anemia caused by iron deficiency can also be a reason for hair loss, as hair requires an adequate amount of oxygen and nutrients for growth and maintenance of health.
- Hypothyroidism
- Hyperthyroidism
- Anemia (iron deficiency)
- Seborrheic dermatitis
- Scalp pathologies (psoriasis, eczema)
- Diabetes mellitus
- Lupus erythematosus
Expert Opinion
Hair loss is a problem that many people face, and it can have serious consequences for the patient’s psychological state. As dermatologists note, hair loss can be caused by both temporary factors and chronic diseases. It is important to identify the cause of hair loss, as this will help determine the right approach to treatment and prevent further baldness. Modern diagnostic and treatment methods allow for effective management of this issue; however, it is important to consult a doctor in the early stages.
Experts emphasize that it is obvious that any case of hair loss requires an individual approach. Sometimes, restoring hair may require a combination of various therapies, including medication, physiotherapy, and innovative methods such as PRP therapy (plasmolifting). Additionally, the psychological aspect also plays a significant role: many patients may experience stress or anxiety due to hair loss, which in turn can exacerbate the problem. Therefore, a comprehensive approach to treatment is the key to successful restoration and maintenance of hair health.
Hair Loss Treatment
Hair loss can be caused by a variety of factors, and its treatment should be individualized based on the cause. First and foremost, it is important to conduct a diagnosis that will help identify the underlying reason for the problem. Doctors may recommend various treatment methods, including medication therapy, laser therapy, mesotherapy, and even surgical techniques such as hair transplantation.
Medication treatment may include drugs such as minoxidil and finasteride, which help stimulate hair growth and slow down hair loss. Laser therapy is aimed at improving blood circulation in the scalp and activating hair follicles. Mesotherapy involves the introduction of vitamins and minerals directly into the skin, which helps improve the condition of the hair. In some cases, such as androgenetic alopecia, hair transplantation may be required as the most effective solution to the problem.
- Medication treatment (minoxidil, finasteride)
- Laser therapy
- Mesotherapy
- Hair transplantation
- Physical therapy
Complications
Hair loss can cause not only physical but also emotional problems. Many people facing this issue may experience a decrease in self-esteem, leading to social isolation and depression. This is especially true for women, for whom hair is often associated with femininity and beauty. Changes in appearance can cause anxiety and a sense of inferiority, which can worsen the overall psycho-emotional state.
Additionally, hair loss may be associated with various diseases, which can lead to further pathologies. For example, constant scratching or dermatological problems caused by itching can lead to infections of the scalp, the formation of scars, and chronic inflammation. Therefore, it is important not only to timely diagnose hair loss but also to seek treatment considering all possible complications.
- Social isolation and decreased self-esteem
- Psychological problems (depression, anxiety)
- Dermatological diseases of the scalp
- Infections arising from skin damage
- Scars and chronic inflammatory processes
FAQ
What to do in case of severe hair loss?
In case of severe hair loss, it is important not to panic and to consult a trichologist for diagnosis, as this may indicate serious illnesses or nutritional deficiencies. The doctor will conduct the necessary tests and analyze the condition of the hair and scalp, after which an individual treatment program will be proposed. It is important to follow the recommendations for proper hair care, possibly adjust the diet, and use special means for hair restoration. Procedures such as mesotherapy or PRP therapy may also be suggested to improve the condition of the hair and promote its growth.
What is the role of nutrition in the prevention of hair damage and loss?
Nutrition plays a key role in maintaining healthy hair and preventing hair loss. Hair needs a variety of vitamins and minerals for normal growth and strength. For example, protein found in meat products, eggs, and legumes is the main building material for hair. B vitamins, especially biotin, are important for improving hair structure and preventing brittleness. Iron and zinc, found in green leafy vegetables, nuts, and seeds, help improve circulation and supply hair follicles with the necessary nutrients. A balanced diet that includes a variety of foods will help maintain hair health and reduce the risk of hair loss.
How does stress affect hair loss?
Stress is one of the significant factors contributing to hair loss. During strong emotional or physical stress, the body experiences a disruption in normal processes, which can lead to a condition known as telogen effluvium, where hair prematurely enters the resting phase and begins to fall out. Furthermore, chronic stress can disrupt hormonal balance, which also negatively affects hair health. To minimize the impact of stress on hair, it is important to pay attention to relaxation methods such as meditation, physical activity, and adequate sleep.
What are the main signs indicating the need to see a doctor when experiencing hair loss?
The main signs indicating the need to see a doctor when experiencing hair loss include a sudden and significant increase in the amount of falling hair, the appearance of bald spots or thinning in certain areas of the head, as well as changes in the structure or texture of the hair. If it is noticeable that the hair is becoming thinner and less dense, this is also a signal to take action. Additional symptoms, such as itching, redness of the scalp, or inflammation, may indicate the presence of possible conditions requiring medical intervention. In case of any changes in the condition of the hair, it is advisable to consult a specialist for diagnosis and treatment recommendations.