Causes and treatment of burning in the mouth: what you need to know
About the Symptom
Burning in the mouth is an unpleasant and often troubling sensation that can occur for various reasons. It may be localized in a specific area or cover the entire oral cavity. Symptoms of burning may be accompanied by other discomforts, such as dry mouth, a metallic or bitter taste, as well as changes in taste perception. This symptom is quite common, and its manifestations can range from mild burning to severe pain, significantly hindering normal consumption of food and liquids.
It is worth noting that burning in the mouth can be caused by various factors—from simple ones, such as poor diet or trauma to the mucous membrane, to more serious medical conditions, such as allergic reactions, infections, endocrine system disorders, or even psychosomatic disorders. It is important to understand that this symptom alone is not a diagnosis; therefore, to eliminate it, it is necessary to determine the cause of its manifestation. By consulting with a doctor, a patient can receive recommendations for necessary examinations and treatments aimed at addressing the underlying condition.
Diseases
Burning in the mouth can be a symptom of various diseases that require careful analysis to determine the cause of discomfort. This symptom can be caused by both fleeting conditions and more serious medical problems that necessitate medical intervention. Often, burning in the mouth is associated with mucosal conditions, allergic reactions, and infections, serving as a marker that something abnormal is happening in the body.
Some common diseases include candidiasis (thrush), which occurs due to a fungal infection and can cause white patches and burning in the oral cavity. On the other hand, conditions like dry mouth syndrome (xerostomia) can lead to decreased saliva production and a burning sensation. It is also important to consider autoimmune diseases, such as diabetes, which can lead to chronic changes in the mouth.
- Candidiasis (thrush)
- Dry mouth syndrome (xerostomia)
- Allergic stomatitis
- Herpetic infection
- Vitamin deficiencies (B12, folic acid)
- Diabetes
- Autoimmune diseases (for example, Sjögren’s syndrome)
- Fungal infection of the oropharynx
- Trigeminal neuralgia
Diagnosis
Proper diagnosis is a key stage in identifying the causes of burning in the mouth. It is important to consult a doctor so they can conduct a comprehensive examination and determine an accurate diagnosis. Various methods may be used during the diagnosis, including analyzing the patient’s medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. The doctor may also ask questions about the nature of the burning, accompanying symptoms, and factors that may provoke discomfort.
Depending on the obtained data, additional studies may be prescribed to deepen the diagnosis. For example, if the patient exhibits signs of an allergic reaction, it may be recommended to conduct allergen tests. Or, if there are suspicions of an infectious disease, the doctor may refer for a microbiological analysis. All of these procedures help not only to identify the cause of the burning but also to rule out other diseases that may present with similar symptoms.
- Complete blood count
- Allergen tests
- Microbiological examination
- Clinical urine analysis
- Oral cavity endoscopy
- CT or MRI if serious diseases are suspected
Which doctor to consult
If you experience burning in the mouth, it is important not to ignore this symptom, as it may indicate the presence of various diseases or conditions. The first step in treatment is to consult a doctor. During the consultation, the specialist will assess your complaints, take your medical history, and if necessary, prescribe additional examinations. Depending on the results of the initial diagnosis, you may need consultations with narrow specialists.
In most cases, it is advisable to start with a visit to a therapist or dentist, as they can assess the condition of the oral cavity and identify possible issues such as infections or inflammations. If the cause of the burning is related to gastrointestinal disorders, a consultation with a gastroenterologist will be required. It is also important to consider that burning in the mouth may be a consequence of allergic reactions, so in such cases, a visit to an allergist may be necessary.
- Therapist
- Dentist
- Gastroenterologist
- Allergist
- Endocrinologist
Types of Burning in the Mouth
Burning in the mouth can manifest in different forms and intensities, largely depending on the causes of its occurrence. It is important to note that this symptom can accompany various conditions and diseases. One of the most common types of burning is a general sensation of discomfort on the surface of the tongue, gums, or the inside of the cheeks. This can be caused by an allergic reaction, nervous tension, or the consumption of certain foods.
Additionally, burning in the mouth can be localized, affecting only one area, such as the tip of the tongue or the sublingual space. This type of burning is most often associated with various infections, stomatitis, or fungal lesions. There is also a more specific form of burning, known as burning mouth syndrome, which can be caused by unclear reasons and requires specialist attention to identify the source of the problem.
- General burning
- Localized burning
- Constant burning
- Intermittent burning
- Burning accompanied by other symptoms (pain, swelling)
Causes of Burning in the Mouth
Burning in the mouth is an unpleasant symptom that can be caused by various factors. One of the most common reasons is an allergic reaction to certain foods or their components. For example, some people may experience a burning sensation in the mouth after consuming citrus fruits, spicy, or hot dishes. It is important to remember that such reactions may not occur immediately but rather some time after eating.
Additionally, burning in the mouth may be associated with oral cavity diseases, such as stomatitis or gingivitis. These inflammatory processes can cause discomfort and painful sensations. It should also be noted that some systemic diseases, such as diabetes or gastrointestinal tract diseases, can significantly affect the condition of the oral mucosa and lead to the occurrence of burning.
- Allergic reactions to foods
- Stomatitis
- Gingivitis
- Gastrointestinal tract diseases
- Deficiency of vitamins and minerals (e.g., vitamin B12, folic acid, iron)
- Burning mouth syndrome
- Oral candidiasis
Common Related Pathologies
Burning in the mouth can be a symptom of various diseases and conditions that require attention and timely diagnosis. This symptom often arises as a result of inflammatory processes, allergic reactions, or other disorders in the body. For example, stomatitis, glossitis, or allergies to certain products. These conditions can cause irritation and inflammation of the oral mucosa, leading to unpleasant sensations such as burning.
Furthermore, burning in the mouth may be associated with systemic diseases. Conditions such as diabetes, hypothyroidism, or vitamin B deficiencies can cause changes in the oral cavity, contributing to discomfort. It is important to consider that the sensation of burning may be accompanied by other symptoms, such as dry mouth or changes in taste perception, which may indicate the presence of more serious pathologies.
- Stomatitis (inflammation of the oral mucosa)
- Glossitis (inflammation of the tongue)
- Allergy to foods or medications
- Dry mouth syndrome (xerostomia)
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
- Systemic diseases (e.g., diabetes, hypothyroidism)
- Vitamin and mineral deficiencies
- Infectious diseases (viral or fungal infections)
Expert Opinion
Burning in the mouth is a symptom that can be caused by many factors, so it should not be ignored. Experts emphasize that this condition is often related not only to oral diseases but also to systemic disorders such as diabetes or gastrointestinal diseases. Therefore, it is recommended to see a doctor for thorough diagnosis and determining the exact cause when this symptom appears.
It is important to note that burning in the mouth can be a result of allergic reactions, the influence of hot or spicy food, as well as the use of certain medications. Dentists advise paying attention to the quality of hygiene products and making efforts to eliminate irritating factors. Ignoring such symptoms can lead to serious complications, so consulting a specialist is necessary as soon as possible.
Treatment of Burning in the Mouth
Treatment of burning in the mouth begins with identifying its cause. Depending on the underlying diagnosis, the approach to treatment can vary significantly. For example, if the burning is caused by an allergic reaction to certain foods, it is important to eliminate them from the diet. In cases of infectious diseases, such as candidiasis or herpes infection, antifungal or antiviral medications may be required. If the cause of the burning is related to chronic conditions, such as diabetes, it is necessary to consult the appropriate specialist for treatment adjustments.
In addition to medical intervention, there are other methods to alleviate the symptoms of burning in the mouth. These include rinsing with a baking soda or salt solution, using moisturizing gels, and applying products containing analgesics. Additionally, it is important to maintain oral hygiene and regularly visit the dentist, which will help prevent infections and inflammation.
If the burning persists or is complicated by other symptoms, it is important to consult a doctor immediately for more detailed examination. Proper treatment based on accurate diagnosis will not only eliminate the burning but also prevent its recurrence.
- Exclusion of allergens from the diet
- Use of antifungal and antiviral medications
- Rinsing with a baking soda or salt solution
- Using moisturizing gels
- Visiting the dentist
Complications
Burning in the mouth, although it may seem at first glance just an unpleasant symptom, can in some cases signal more serious diseases. If this symptom is ignored and treatment is not started in a timely manner, it can lead to a number of complications. One of the most common consequences is the development of chronic oral diseases, such as stomatitis or glossitis, which can significantly worsen the patient’s quality of life and require longer and more complex treatment.
Moreover, if the burning in the mouth is related to metabolic disorders, vitamin deficiencies, or micronutrient shortages, it can lead to depletion of the organs and systems of the body. For example, a lack of vitamin B12 can cause not only burning but also anemia, which, in turn, carries serious health consequences. Without proper therapy assignments, chronic gastrointestinal diseases may develop, which will also continue to deteriorate the patient’s condition.
- Chronic oral diseases (stomatitis, glossitis).
- Development of anemia due to vitamin deficiencies.
- Gastrointestinal problems.
- Psychological disorders caused by constant discomfort.
- Deterioration of quality of life and well-being.
FAQ
What can cause a burning sensation in the mouth and how to cope with it?
Burning in the mouth can be caused by various factors, such as allergic reactions, irritation of the mucous membrane due to spicy or hot food, infectious diseases, vitamin deficiencies (especially B12 and folic acid), as well as chronic conditions like diabetes or thyroid dysfunction. To cope with this symptom, it is important to consult a doctor for diagnosis and identification of the cause, after which treatment may be recommended, which can include dietary adjustments, taking vitamins, antihistamines, or other medications to relieve inflammation and discomfort.
How to distinguish burning in the mouth from the symptoms of serious diseases?
Burning in the mouth can be a symptom of various diseases, so it is important to be able to distinguish it from more serious conditions. The main sign to pay attention to is the duration and intensity of the burning. If you feel a brief, mild burning after consuming certain foods, it may be a perfectly normal reaction. However, if the burning becomes persistent and is accompanied by other symptoms such as swelling, changes in taste, difficulty swallowing, or other physical changes, it may indicate the presence of more serious diseases, such as instinctive gastritis, fungal infection, or even autoimmune diseases. In any case, if the symptoms are bothersome or raise concerns, it is advisable to consult a doctor for a comprehensive diagnosis and consultation.
What examination should be done for burning in the mouth?
Burning in the mouth can have many causes, and for its diagnosis, medical specialists may recommend a series of examinations. First of all, this may include a complete blood count and a sugar level test to rule out diseases such as diabetes. The doctor may also order tests for infections, microbiological studies, or immunological tests to determine allergic reactions. Additionally, a consultation with a dentist may be required to assess the condition of the teeth and gums, as well as with a gastroenterologist to check for digestive system diseases such as gastritis or reflux. These examinations will help establish the exact cause of the burning in the mouth and develop an appropriate treatment plan.
What to do if burning in the mouth does not go away for several days?
If the burning sensation in the mouth does not go away within a few days, it is urgent to consult a doctor for qualified medical help. This symptom can indicate various diseases, including infections, allergic reactions, or even autoimmune disorders. The doctor will conduct the necessary examinations to determine the cause and prescribe appropriate treatment. Self-medication should be avoided, as it may only worsen the condition and complicate accurate diagnosis.